{"id":58924,"date":"2020-05-07T02:34:18","date_gmt":"2020-05-06T23:34:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/?p=58924"},"modified":"2021-07-12T01:54:25","modified_gmt":"2021-07-11T22:54:25","slug":"i-balkan-savasi-20nci-yuzyilda-osmanlinin-yikilma-sureci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/i-balkan-savasi-20nci-yuzyilda-osmanlinin-yikilma-sureci\/","title":{"rendered":"I. Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131-20&#8217;nci Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lma s\u00fcreci"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #ccffff;\"><strong>I. Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131-20&#8217;nci Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lma s\u00fcreci<\/strong> &#8230; \u201cZira me\u015frutiyetin ilan\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan karga\u015fadan faydalanan Bulgarlar ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ilan ederken, Avusturya da Bosna-Hersek&#8217;i ilhak etti\u2026\u201d ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar <a style=\"color: #ccffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/\">hayaldefterim<\/a> de\u2026<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>I. Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131-20&#8217;nci Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lma s\u00fcreci<\/h2>\n<h3>I. Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 (1912-1913)<\/h3>\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Fatih devrinde fethedilmi\u015f olan Balkanlar&#8217;da ilk olarak Yunanistan (1829) Osmanl\u0131 Devletinden kopmu\u015ftu. 93 Harbi sonunda ise Romanya, S\u0131rbistan ve Karada\u011f&#8217;a tam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Bulgaristan&#8217;a ise muhtariyet verilmesi ile Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin Balkanlar&#8217;daki hakimiyeti b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sona ermi\u015fti. 93 Harbinden sonra II. Abd\u00fclhamit Balkanlarda kalan topraklar\u0131 korumay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan bir politika izlemi\u015ftir. II. Abd\u00fclhamit politikas\u0131n\u0131 Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck devletleri aras\u0131ndaki rekabet ile Balkan uluslar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k \u00fczerine kurdu. Onun d\u00f6neminde Balkan uluslar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar k\u00f6r\u00fcklenerek onlar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131&#8217;ya kar\u015f\u0131 birle\u015fmesi engellendi, ittihat ve Terakkinin bask\u0131s\u0131yla ilan edilen II. Me\u015frutiyet Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin Balkanlar\u2019daki k\u0131smi hakimiyeti i\u00e7in yeni bir darbe oldu. Zira me\u015frutiyetin ilan\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan karga\u015fadan faydalanan Bulgarlar ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ilan ederken, Avusturya da Bosna-Hersek&#8217;i ilhak etti.<\/p>\n<p>II. Abd\u00fclhamit&#8217;i h\u00e2l ederek y\u00f6netimi devralan \u0130ttihat ve Terakki onun &#8220;b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc&#8221; Balkan politikas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 &#8220;birle\u015ftirici&#8221; bir politika izleyerek Balkan uluslar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki dini ve siyasi anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmledi. B\u00f6ylece birbirlerine yakla\u015fan Balkan uluslar\u0131n\u0131 Rusya Osmanl\u0131&#8217;ya kar\u015f\u0131 hi\u00e7 zorlanmadan birle\u015ftirdi ve 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bulgaristan, S\u0131rbistan, Karada\u011f ve Yunanistan Osmanl\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 bir ittifak kurdular. Ayr\u0131ca ittihat ve Terakki H\u00fck\u00fcmeti Rusya&#8217;n\u0131n sald\u0131rmama garantisine dayanarak Balkanlardaki Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc terhis etti. B\u00f6ylece h\u00fck\u00fcmet Trablusgarp&#8217;ta oldu\u011fu gibi Balkanlar\u0131n kayb\u0131n\u0131 da bizzat haz\u0131rlad\u0131.<\/p>\n<h3>Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Nedenleri:<\/h3>\n<p>1- Frans\u0131z \u0130htilalinin do\u011furdu\u011fu fikir ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n etkisi<br \/>\n2- Ba\u015fta Rusya olmak \u00fczere Avrupa Devletlerinin Balkan uluslar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131<br \/>\n3- Ha\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ni Balkanlardan atmak istemesi.<br \/>\n4- Balkan devletlerinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmek istemeleri<br \/>\n5- Osmanl\u0131 Devleti&#8217;nin Trablusgarp sava\u015f\u0131ndaki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetin yanl\u0131\u015f politikalar\u0131n\u0131n Balkan uluslar\u0131n\u0131 cesaretlendirmesi.<br \/>\n6- Osmanl\u0131- alman yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeli bulan \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Estonya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Reval\u2019de (1908) Reval g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde Rusya\u2019y\u0131 Balkan politikas\u0131 ve bo\u011fazlar konusunda desteklemesi ve Ruslar\u0131n Balkan uluslar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131<\/p>\n<p>M\u00fcttefik Balkan devletlerinden ilk olarak 8 Ekim 1912 Karada\u011f Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne sava\u015f ilan etti. Ard\u0131ndan da S\u0131rbistan, Bulgaristan ve Yunanistan Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne sava\u015f ilan ettiler. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir varl\u0131k g\u00f6steremedi ve b\u00fct\u00fcn cephelerde yenildi. Ordunun haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z olmas\u0131, cepheler aras\u0131ndaki kopukluk ve ordu i\u00e7indeki siyasi \u00e7eki\u015fme (ittihat\u00e7\u0131-itilaf\u00e7\u0131) yenilginin ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenleri oldu. Osmanl\u0131 devletinin zor durumda kalmas\u0131ndan faydalanan Arnavutlarda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ilan ettiler. (Arnavutlar Balkanlarda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 son kazanan millettir.) Bulgarlar\u0131n \u00c7atalca&#8217;ya kadar ilerlemesi \u00fczerine Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ate\u015fkes istemek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n<h3>Yenilginin Sebepleri:<\/h3>\n<p>1- Trablusgarb sava\u015f\u0131 sebebiyle b\u00f6lgeye asker ve cephane y\u0131\u011f\u0131lamamas\u0131<br \/>\n2- Osmanl\u0131 subaylar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131<br \/>\n3- Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun teknik yetersizli\u011fi<br \/>\n4- Sava\u015f\u0131n geni\u015f co\u011frafyada 4 ayr\u0131 devletle olmas\u0131<br \/>\n5- Sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi orduda eski, sava\u015f g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f askerlerin terhis edilmesi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I. Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131-20&#8217;nci Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lma s\u00fcreci &#8230; \u201cZira me\u015frutiyetin ilan\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan karga\u015fadan faydalanan Bulgarlar ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ilan ederken, Avusturya da Bosna-Hersek&#8217;i ilhak etti\u2026\u201d ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar hayaldefterim de\u2026 I. Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131-20&#8217;nci Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lma s\u00fcreci I. Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 (1912-1913) B\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Fatih devrinde fethedilmi\u015f olan Balkanlar&#8217;da ilk olarak Yunanistan (1829) Osmanl\u0131 Devletinden kopmu\u015ftu. 93 Harbi &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":58942,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9500],"tags":[12644,12786,12659,12785,12645,12656,12655],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58924"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58924"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58924\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58925,"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58924\/revisions\/58925"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58942"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58924"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58924"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kocaelikent.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}